There’s little evidence that subsidies and protections have substantially raised the number of children women have over their lifetime

See They Want More Babies: Now They Have Friends in the White House by Lydia DePillis of The NY Times. Excerpts: 

"In designing policy requests for federal legislators, however, pronatalists run into a problem: There’s little evidence that subsidies and protections have substantially raised the number of children women have over their lifetime. It’s not for lack of trying by low-fertility countries including Norway, Japan and South Korea. The few nations that have arrested their declines, like Hungary and the Czech Republic, adopted more sustained and generous incentives than appear politically viable in the United States."

"That’s why, for the purpose of adding babies, there’s an emerging understanding that cultural factors are crucial. The most fertile country in the developed world is Israel, at 2.9 children per woman, with its hard-to-replicate combination of intense nationalism and widespread religiosity."

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